names of families that owned slaves in texas

Masters disciplined their slaves to get the labor they wanted, and yet had to avoid many problems of resistance such as running away and feigning illness. This was 15 percent of the total 2,992 people living in Spanish Texas. The 1867 Voter Registration includes names of voters who registered in the period between 1867 and 1869. By 1865 there were an estimated 250,000enslaved people in Texas. [34] Unlike in most southern cities, the number of urban enslaved people in Texas grew throughout the 1850s. 389-412)Page Count: 24, Texas Runaway Slave Project. , and his wife Amy, are descendants of slave owners. WebWhat percentage of Texas families owned slaves? Slave houses were usually small log cabins with fireplaces for cooking. Tyler, Ronnie C. and Lawrence R. Murphy. [37] Urban enslaved people often had greater freedoms and opportunity. These films do not appear to contain the names of former slaves. Through wills and census reports found during family research, I have discovered a couple sets of ancestors who owned slaves. [30] As planters increased cotton production, they rapidly increased the purchase and transport of enslaved workers. [33] Enslaved people were not held between the Nueces River and the Rio Grande. Many owners wished to appear as benevolent fathers, and yet most knew that there would be times when they would treat members of their families as property pure and simple. WebOne in four families owned slaves. Slave labor produced cotton (and sugar on the lower Brazos River) for profit and also cultivated the foodstuffs necessary for self-sufficiency. Federal Records that Help Identify Former Enslaved People This involves an absolute equality of personal rights and rights of property between former masters and slaves, and the connection heretofore existing between them becomes that between employer and hired labor. For a complete list, please see: American slave owners Project Profiles. John Robinson of Madison, Mississippi: 550 slaves. There were a few slaves in Texas while it was a Spanish province, but slavery did not really become an institution of significance in the region until the arrival of AngloAmerican settlers. https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/slavery. [9] Of these, only 15 were enslaved, 4males and 11females. At first, the practice involved primarily Apaches; eventually Comanche children were likewise "adopted" as servants. [1] Estevanico accompanied his enslaver Captain Andrs Dorantes de Carranza on the Narvez expedition, which landed at present-day Tampa. Slavery Mrs. Mary C. Stirling/Sterling, Pointe Coupee (2), Louisiana: 338 slaves. On the other hand, western parts of Texas were still a frontier during the American Civil War. The practice was common until its abolition in 1865 with the end of the Civil War and the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution. The son of Capt. In 1829 the Guerrero decree conditionally abolished slavery throughout Mexican territories. John J. Middleton of Beaufort, South Carolina: 530 slaves. To circumvent the law, numerous Anglo-American colonists converted their enslaved people to indentured servants, but with life terms. However, the north central region held much excellent cotton land, and slavery would probably have developed rapidly there once rail transportation was built. [23] By 1836, there were approximately 5,000 enslaved people in Texas. WebThe U.S. census tracked the growth that followed, reporting 207 enslaved people in 1850 who made up 8% of the countys population and 1,074 enslaved people owned by 228 [17] Most of the settlers Austin recruited came from the southern slave-owning portions of the United States. [10], When the United States purchased Louisiana in 1803, Spain declared that any enslaved person who crossed the Sabine River into Texas would be automatically freed. WebAmerican Slave Narratives - An Online Anthology. At the start of the Civil War, _____ was the commander of Union troops in Texas. Anderson County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Austin County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 0, 1), Bastrop County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 0, 1), Bell County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 3, 0), Bexar County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Bosque County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Brazos County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Burleson County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0), Caldwell County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 12, 2), Cass County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 3, 0), Chambers County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Cherokee County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 3, 0), Collin County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Cooke County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Dallas County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), DeWitt County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Ellis County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Falls County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Fannin County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0), Fayette County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 0, 1), Fort Bend County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Freestone County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Galveston County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Gonzales County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 1), Grayson County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 3, 0), Guadalupe County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 3, 1), Harris County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 4, 0), Harrison County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 6, 1), Hays County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 0, 1), Hill County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0), Hopkins County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0), Houston County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Johnson County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 1), Kaufman County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Lavaca County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0), Leon County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0), Madison County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Marion County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Matagorda County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0), McLennan County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Milam County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 3, 0), Montgomery County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 5, 0), Nacogdoches County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Navarro County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Nueces County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Panola County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 12, 2), Polk County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Red River County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 4, 0), Rusk County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0), Sabine County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0), San Augustine County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Shelby County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 9, 3), Smith County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 3, 0), Tarrant County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Titus County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0), Travis County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0), Tyler County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 3, 0), Upshur County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 0), Walker County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0), Washington County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 1, 1), Wharton County, Texas, Slave Owners (0, 2, 0). Marie Therese Metoyer. John Burneside of Ascension, Louisiana: 753 slaves; Saint James: 187 slaves. They listened as best they could for any war news and passed it around among themselves, and no doubt many heard of Abraham Lincolns Emancipation Proclamation, announcing that all slaves behind Confederate lines on January 1, 1863, would be freed. [18] A small number of enslaved were imported illegally from the West Indies or Africa. Slave Owners 1800-1820, 1850-1860 Documenting Slavery in East Texas: Transcripts from Monte Verdi The slaves themselves, however, also insisted on family ties. History of slavery in Texas - Wikipedia A list of resources for African American research of ancestors who lived in Texas. The majority of adult slaves were field hands, but a sizable minority worked as skilled craftsmen, house servants, and livestock handlers. Daina Ramey Berry is a professor of history at the University of Texas at Austin, and says addressing ones lineage of slavery is difficult, but ORourkes response helped bring the issue out into the open. There were two questionnaires: one for free inhabitants and one for slaves. The Comanche indiscriminately killed enslaved people and their white owners during raids. Dennis. Joseph Henry 8 3. The number likely would have been larger but for the attitude of the Mexican federal and state governments. For more information go to: http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/17/107.shtml. [27] Other enslaved people joined the Texan forces, with some killed while fighting Mexican soldiers. Slaves increased their minimal self-determination by taking what they could get from their owners and then pressing for additional latitude. [46] Anyone convicted of providing arms to enslaved people during the war was sentenced to between two and five years of hard labor. In 1792 there were 34 blacks and 414 mulattos in Spanish Texas, some of whom were free men and women. Angelina County, Texas, Slave Owners. Planters, for example, being generally satisfied with their lives as slaveholders, were largely unwilling to involve themselves in commerce and industry, even if there was a chance for greater profits. WIKITREE PROTECTS MOST SENSITIVE INFORMATION BUT ONLY TO THE EXTENT STATED IN THE TERMS OF SERVICE AND PRIVACY POLICY. African American Resources for Texas FamilySearch He and his wife Mary moved there themselves and he died Update 12/7/2016(CLM): I have found various references of military rank from Captain to Brigadier General. Slavery was present in Spanish America and Mexico prior to the arrival of American settlers, but it was not highly developed, and the Spanish did not rely on it for labor during their years in Spanish Texas. [49] Throughout the summer, many East Texas newspapers continued to recommend that slaveholders oppose ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery, in the hopes that emancipation could be gradually implemented. This entry belongs to the following Handbook Special Projects: We are a community-supported, non-profit organization and we humbly ask for your support because the careful and accurate recording of our history has never been more important. Slaves freed in America before the 14th Amendment of the Constitution. Even as Austins colonists began to establish slavery on the lower Brazos and Colorado rivers, the independence of Mexico cast doubt on the future of the institution in Texas. He WebLand Records Names & Surnames Slavery & Servitude Claim Listing Sankofagen Wiki run by Karmella Haynes has a list of Arkansas Plantations and Slave Names listed by county, for counties formed prior to 1865. Congress shall not have the power to emancipate enslaved people. Slave prices inflated rapidly as the institution expanded in Texas. https://www.tshaonline.org, https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/slavery. Slavery | TSLAC - Texas State Library and Archives Commission House servants and craftsmen worked long hours, too, but their labor was not so burdensome physically. Randolph B. Campbell, An Empire for Slavery: The Peculiar Institution in Texas, 18211865 (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1989). [21] By 1850, an estimated 3,000enslaved people had successfully escaped to Mexico, and an additional 1,000 crossed into Mexico between 1851 and 1855. The disturbances were resolved through a combination of arms and political maneuvering. A slave had a right to trial by jury and a court-appointed attorney when charged with a crime greater than petty larceny.

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