hidden brain transcript

In this favorite episode from 2021, Cornell University psychologist Anthony Burrow explains why purpose isnt something to be found its somethi, It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. June 20, 2020 This week on Hidden Brain, research about prejudices so deeply buried, we often doubt their existence. And what he noticed was that when people were trying to act like Monday, they would act like a man. We lobby a neighbor to vote for our favored political candidate. That is exactly why you should say fewer books instead of less books in some situations and, yes, Billy and I went to the store rather than the perfectly natural Billy and me went to the store. You also see huge differences in other domains like number. It's too high. And as odd as that sounds, I can guarantee you if you watch any TV show with women under a certain age or if you just go out on an American street and listen, you'll find that that's a new kind of exclamatory particle. But if you ask bilinguals, who have learned two languages and now they know that some genders disagree across the two languages, they're much less likely to say that it's because chairs are intrinsically masculine. Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. You can find all Hidden Brain episodes on our website. But it turns out humans can stay oriented really, really well, provided that their language and culture requires them to keep track of this information. VEDANTAM: Time is another concept that is also central to the way we see and describe the world. to describe the world. But what we should teach is not that the good way is logical and the way that you're comfortable doing it is illogical. For more on decision-making, check out our episode on how to make wiser choices. So if you took a bunch of those tendencies, you could make up, say, the English of 50 years from now, but some of the things would just be complete chance. The fact is that language change can always go in one of many directions, there's a chance element to it. SHANKAR VEDANTAM, HOST:This is HIDDEN BRAIN. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out the unexpected ways we can find joy and happiness in our everyday lives. But I think that we should learn not to listen to people using natural language as committing errors because there's no such thing as making a mistake in your language if a critical mass of other people speaking your language are doing the same thing. Rightly Crossing the Rubicon: Evaluating Goal Self-Concordance Prior to Selection Helps People Choose More Intrinsic Goals, by Kennon M. Sheldon, Mike Prentice, and Evgeny Osin, Journal of Research in Personality, 2019. Thank you! Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. So I just think that it's something we need to check ourselves for. Learn more. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Think Again: The Power of Knowing What You Dont Know, Refusing to Apologize can have Psychological Benefits, The Effects of Conflict Types, Dimensions, and Emergent States on Group Outcomes, Social Functionalist Frameworks for Judgment and Choice: Intuitive Politicians, Theologians, and Prosecutors, Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators, The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. Transcript Podcast: Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. BORODITSKY: My family is Jewish, and we left as refugees. I said, you know, this weird thing happened. And so for example, if the word chair is masculine in your language, why is that? For example, if you take seeds and put them in the ground, that's one thing. And if you don't have a word for exactly seven, it actually becomes very, very hard to keep track of exactly seven. Perceived Partner Responsiveness as an Organizing Construct in the Study of Intimacy and Closeness, by Harry T. Reis, et. - you would have to say something like, my arm got broken, or it so happened to me that my arm is broken. So when I ask you to, say, imagine a man walking down the street, well, in your imagery, you're going to have some details completed and some will be left out. BORODITSKY: And when they were trying to act like Wednesday, they would act like a woman BORODITSKY: Which accords with grammatical gender in Russian. For more of our Relationships 2.0 series, check out one of our most popular episodes ever about why marriages are so hard. Well, if you have a word like that and if it's an intensifier of that kind, you can almost guess that literally is going to come to mean something more like just really. He's a defender of language on the move, but I wanted to know if there were things that irritated even him. Hidden Brain: You 2.0: Cultivating Your Purpose on Apple Podcasts 51 min You 2.0: Cultivating Your Purpose Hidden Brain Social Sciences Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. Maybe it's, even less than 100 meters away, but you just can't bring yourself to even throw your, coat on over your pajamas, and put your boots on, and go outside and walk those, hundred meters because somehow it would break the coziness, and it's just too much of, an effort, and you can't be bothered to do it, even though it's such a small thing. I'm Shankar Vedantam, and you're listening to HIDDEN BRAIN. When she was 12, her family came to the United States from the Soviet Union. That was somehow a dad's fashion, and that I should start wearing flat-fronted pants. Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button. GEACONE-CRUZ: It's a Sunday afternoon, and it's raining outside. People do need to be taught what the socially acceptable forms are. MCWHORTER: It's a matter of fashion, pure and simple. All sponsorship opportunities on Hidden Brain are managed by SXM Media. That's the way words are, too. Lots of languages make a distinction between things that are accidents and things that are intentional actions. But if I give that same story to a Hebrew or an Arabic speaker, they would organize it from right to left. This week, in the fourth and final installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Dacher Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. I want everybody to have the fun I'm having. But if you prefer life - the unpredictability of life - then living language in many ways are much more fun. So we did an analysis of images in Artstor. When language was like that, of course it changed a lot - fast - because once you said it, it was gone. I'm Shankar Vedantam. And you can just - it rolls off the tongue, and you can just throw it out. : A Data-Driven Prescription to Redefine Professional Success, by Lawrence S. Krieger and Kennon M. Sheldon, George Washington Law Review, 2015. But we have plenty of words like that in English where it doesn't bother us at all. Newsletter: Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. That is the most random thing. But it is a completely crucial part of the human experience. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. This week, in the second installment of our Happiness 2.0 series, psychologist Todd Kashdan looks at the relationship between distress and happiness, and ho, Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. When we come back, we dig further into the way that gender works in different languages and the pervasive effects that words can play in our lives. It's never going to. They are ways of seeing the world. But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? Transcript The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. BORODITSKY: The way to say my name properly in Russian is (speaking foreign language), so I don't make people say that. There was no way of transcribing an approximation of what people said and nobody would have thought of doing it. And I don't think any of us are thinking that it's a shame that we're not using the language of Beowulf. It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. In this episode, we explore how long-term relationships have changed over time and whether we might be able to improve marriage by asking less of it. Time now for "My Unsung Hero," our series from the team at Hidden Brain telling the stories of . This is HIDDEN BRAIN. I decided it was very important for me to learn English because I had always been a very verbal kid, and I'd - was always the person who recited poems in front of the school and, you know, led assemblies and things like that. How so? VEDANTAM: So I want to talk about a debate that's raged in your field for many years. So for example, grammatical gender - because grammatical gender applies to all nouns in your language, that means that language is shaping the way you think about everything that can be named by a noun. So that, again, is a huge difference. Let's start with the word literally. We convince a colleague to take a different tactic at work. It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. VEDANTAM: Around the world, we often hear that many languages are dying, and there are a few megalanguages that are growing and expanding in all kinds of ways. Imagine you meet somebody, they're 39 and you take their picture. All of these are very subjective things. So act like Monday. In this favorite 2021 episode, psychologist Adam Grant pushes back against the benefits of certainty, and describes the magic that unfolds when we challenge our own deeply-held beliefs. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #1: (Speaking foreign language). What do you do for christmas with your family? Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. You may link to our content and copy and paste episode descriptions and Additional Resources into your invitations. And so language changed just like the clouds in the sky. And maybe the convenience store or the shop is really not that far away. This week, in the final . : The Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Benefits of Sharing Positive Events, Shelly. Whereas speakers of a language like Spanish might not be quite as good at remembering who did it when it's an accident, but they're better at remembering that it was an accident. VEDANTAM: There are phrases in every language that are deeply evocative and often, untranslatable. Whats going on here? VEDANTAM: As someone who spends a lot of his time listening to language evolve, John hears a lot of slang. Going the Distance on the Pacific Crest Trail: The Vital Role of Identified Motivation, by Kennon M. Sheldon, Motivation Science, 2020. So the way you say hi in Kuuk Thaayorre is to say, which way are you heading? Marcus Butt/Getty Images/Ikon Images Hidden Brain Why Nobody Feels Rich by Shankar Vedantam , Parth Shah , Tara Boyle , Rhaina Cohen September 14, 2020 If you've ever flown in economy class. UNIDENTIFIED MAN #1: (Speaking foreign language). al, Group Decision and Negotiation, 2008. BORODITSKY: Yeah. podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9rd1djMGxoZg==, open.spotify.com/show/20Gf4IAauFrfj7RBkjcWxh. But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? VEDANTAM: It took just one week of living in Japan for Jennifer to pick up an important new term. Shankar Vedantam: This is Hidden Brain. But also, I started wondering, is it possible that my friend here was imagining a person without a gender for this whole time that we've been talking about them, right? What turns out to be the case is that it's something in between - that bilinguals don't really turn off the languages they're not using when they're not using them. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where. This is HIDDEN BRAIN. We don't want to be like that. I think it's a really fascinating question for future research. So maybe they're saying bridges are beautiful and elegant, not because they're grammatically feminine in the language, but because the bridges they have are, in fact, more beautiful and elegant. You do the hokey pokey and you turn yourself around. I've always found that a very grating way to ask for something at a store. I know-uh (ph) is there, or something along the lines of babe-uh (ph). Many of us believe that hard work and persistence are the key to achieving our goals. What we think of today as a word undergoing some odd development or people using some new construction is exactly how Latin turned into French. Just saying hello was difficult. And we looked at every personification and allegory in Artstor and asked, does the language that you speak matter for how you paint death, depending on whether the word death is masculine or feminine in your language? And as soon as I saw that happen, I thought, oh, this makes it so much easier. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #16: Not figuratively, it's literally MCWHORTER: Yeah. It's exactly how old English turned into modern English. And the answer should be, north, northeast in the far distance; how about you? Hidden Brain Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Science 4.6 36K Ratings; Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. BORODITSKY: Yeah. : The Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Benefits of Sharing Positive Events, Perceived Partner Responsiveness as an Organizing Construct in the Study of Intimacy and Closeness, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. When the con was exposed, its victims defended the con artists. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. You know, lots of people blow off steam about something they think is wrong, but very few people are willing to get involved and do something about it. UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #2: (Speaking foreign language). They give us a sense that the meanings of words are fixed, when in fact they're not. Visit our website terms of use and permissions pages at www.npr.org for further information. I think that the tone that many people use when they're complaining that somebody says Billy and me went to the store is a little bit incommensurate with the significance of the issue. So you can't see time. al (Eds. The authoritative record of NPRs programming is the audio record. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #8: (Speaking Italian). Growing up, I understood this word to mean for a very short time, as in John McWhorter was momentarily surprised. Lera said there's still a lot of research to be done on this. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Freely Determined: What the New Psychology of the Self Teaches Us About How to Live, Going the Distance on the Pacific Crest Trail: The Vital Role of Identified Motivation, Athletic Scholarships are Negatively Associated with Intrinsic Motivation for Sports, Even Decades Later: Evidence for Long-Term Undermining, Rightly Crossing the Rubicon: Evaluating Goal Self-Concordance Prior to Selection Helps People Choose More Intrinsic Goals, What Makes Lawyers Happy? UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #3: (Speaking foreign language). And then if you are going to be that elliptical, why use the casual word get? For example, he might take a bunch of pictures of boys and girls and sort them and say, OK, this is a boy. The dictionary says both uses are correct. Freely Determined: What the New Psychology of the Self Teaches Us About How to Live, by Kennon M. Sheldon, 2022. And so to address that question, what we do is we bring English speakers into the lab, and we teach them grammatical genders in a new language that we invent. The only question was in which way. We all have to make certain choices in life, such as where to live and how to earn a living. (SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, "PARKS AND RECREATION"). So even if I'm speaking English, the distinctions that I've learned in speaking Russian, for example, are still active in my mind to some extent, but they're more active if I'm actually speaking Russian. And so for me, that question was born in that conversation of are there some languages where it's easier to imagine a person without their characteristics of gender filled in? Maybe they like the same kinds of food, or enjoy the same hobbies. You would never know, for example, that - give you an example I've actually been thinking about. VEDANTAM: Languages seem to have different ways of communicating agency. So I think it's an incredible tragedy that we're losing all of this linguistic diversity, all of this cultural diversity because it is human heritage. Stay with us. BORODITSKY: So quite literally, to get past hello, you have to know which way you're heading. I had this cool experience when I was there. So new words are as likely to evolve as old ones. That's how much cultural heritage is lost. Look at it. Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. There are different ways to be a psychologist. Assessing the Seeds of Relationship Decay: Using Implicit Evaluations to Detect the Early Stages of Disillusionment, by Soonhee Lee, Ronald D. Rogge, and Harry T. Reis, Psychological Science, 2010. How do certain memes go viral? Imagine how we would sound to them if they could hear us. And if the word bridge is masculine in your language, you're more likely to say that bridges are strong and long and towering - these kind of more stereotypically masculine words. Transcript 585: In Defense of Ignorance Note: This American Life is produced for the ear and designed to be heard. So when the perfect woman started writing him letters, it seemed too good to be true. Listen on the Reuters app. BORODITSKY: Actually, one of the first people to notice or suggest that this might be the case was a Russian linguist, Roman Jakobson. Whats going on here? Imagine this. But actually, that's exactly how people in those communities come to stay oriented - is that they learn it, (laughter) right? And so, for example, can I get a hamburger? Of course, if you can't keep track of exactly seven, you can't count. Long before she began researching languages as a professor, foreign languages loomed large in her life. If you're like most people, you probably abandoned those resolutions within a few weeks. It's not something that you typically go out trying to do intentionally. There are many scholars who would say, look, yes, you do see small differences between speakers of different languages, but these differences are not really significant; they're really small. Psychologist Ken Sheldon studies the science of figuring out what you want. Of course, eventually, the Finnish kids also figured it out because language isn't the only source of that information, otherwise it would be quite surprising for the Finns to be able to continue to reproduce themselves. But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #9: (Speaking German). It is a great, free way to engage the podcast community and increase the visibility of your podcasts. Which I think is probably important with the reality that this edifice that you're teaching is constantly crumbling. The categorization that language provides to you becomes real, becomes psychologically real. Hidden Brain Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Subscribe Visit website Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our.

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